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1.
Rev. argent. cir. plást ; 29(1): 48-53, 20230000. fig, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1428807

ABSTRACT

El fenómeno de Raynaud es un trastorno vasoespástico de las arterias digitales por la exposición al frío o al estrés, el cual genera isquemia que se manifiesta con cianosis o palidez, dolor y úlceras crónicas; es una afección incapacitante para el paciente y de difícil manejo para el cirujano de mano. Se clasifica en primario y secundario. El primario es la forma de presentación más frecuente. Las modalidades de tratamiento están dirigidas a prevenir el vasoespasmo exagerado, fomentando la respuesta vasodilatadora y con ello disminuyendo la sintomatología, que es en la mayoría de los casos incapacitante. Se ha descrito el uso de la toxina botulínica A para aquellos casos severos y refractarios, con mala evolución, con el que se obtuvieron buenos resultados. Este sería un tratamiento de baja morbilidad, con escasos efectos adversos, que puede ofrecer un alivio del dolor rápido y duradero, contribuyendo además a la cicatrización de úlceras crónicas. De esta manera mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes y evita tratamientos invasivos y la amputación. El propósito de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica incluyendo a los trabajos más importantes y relevantes hasta el momento en el tratamiento de la toxina botulínica A en el síndrome de Raynaud. Se presenta además un caso clínico refractario al tratamiento médico que fue tratado en la Cátedra de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética del Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay


Raynaud's phenomenon is a vasospastic disorder of the digital arteries due to exposure to cold or stress, which generates ischemia that manifests with cyanosis or paleness, pain, and chronic ulcers; it is a disabling condition for the patient and difficult to manage for the hand surgeon. It is classified into primary and secondary. Primary is the most common form of presentation. Treatment modalities are aimed at preventing exaggerated vasospasm, promoting the vasodilator response and thereby reducing symptoms, which are disabling in most cases. The use of botulinum toxin A has been described for those severe and refractory cases, with poor evolution, with which good results were obtained. This would be a low morbidity treatment, with few adverse effects, which can offer rapid and long-lasting pain relief, also contributing to the healing of chronic ulcers. In this way, it improves the quality of life of patients and avoids invasive treatments and amputation. The purpose of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review including the most important and relevant works to date on the treatment of botulinum toxin A in Raynaud's syndrome. In addition, a clinical case refractory to medical treatment that was treated in the Chair of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery of the Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay, is also presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Raynaud Disease/pathology , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1451641

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La distonía es un trastorno del movimiento que produce afectaciones funcionales a quienes la padecen; la aplicación de toxina botulínica es el tratamiento de elección debido a su seguridad. Objetivo. Describir losresultadosclínicos del uso a largo plazo de toxina botulínica en un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico de distonía atendidos en un hospital de tercer nivel de complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia. Métodos. Estudio observacional. Se revisaron las historiasclínicas de los pacientescon diagnóstico de distonía atendidos en la clínica de espasticidad y distonía de una institución de salud. El dolorse evaluó con la escala visual análoga (EVA)yla percepción de mejoría de síntomas(recuperación de los arcos de movilidad y disminución de movimientos involuntarios); además, el especialista que realizó la aplicación de la toxina botulínica analizó el comportamiento de estas variables en el tiempo. Resultados. Se incluyeron 28 pacientes, el tipo de distonía más frecuente fue la cervical (75%) y el promedio de tiempo de tratamiento fue de 4,95 años (DE=2,89). Se encontró una reducción de dolor del 79,32%, la cual se mantuvo en el tiempo (p<0,05); además, la percepción de síntomas por parte del paciente tuvo una mejoría del 83,75% (p<0,05) y la apreciación de resultados por parte del fisiatra fue del 88,39% (p=0,157). Conclusiones. La toxina botulínica en el manejo de la distonía en la población de estudio mostró ser un tratamiento seguro y eficaz, esto posterior a varios ciclos de aplicación.


Introduction. Dystonia is a movement disorder that causes functional impairment to those who suffer from it; the application of botulinum toxin is the treatment of choice due to its safety. Objective. To describe the clinical results of the long-term use of botulinum toxin in a group of patients with a diagnosis of dystonia treated in a third level hospital in Bogota, Colombia. Methods. Observational study. The clinical histories of patients with a diagnosis of dystonia attended at the spasticity and dystonia clinic of a health institution were reviewed. Pain was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS) and the perception of symptom improvement (recovery of mobility arcs and reduction of involuntary movements); in addition, the specialist who performed the application of botulinum toxin analyzed the behavior of these variables over time. Results. Twenty-eight patients were included, the most frequent type of dystonia was cervical (75%) and the average treatment time was 4.95 years (SD=2.89). A pain reduction of 79.32% was found, which was maintained over time (p<0.05); in addition, the perception of symptoms by the patient had an improvement of 83.75% (p<0.05) and the appreciation of results by the physiatrist was 88.39% (p=0.157).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Middle Aged
3.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 49: e20213152, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365380

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: the botulinum toxin A (BTA) has been used to achieve a chemical component separation, and it has been used with favorable outcomes for the repair of complex ventral hernia (CVH) with and without loss of domain (LD). The aim of this study is to describe our early experience with the chemical component separation in the United Sates. Methods: a retrospective observational study of all patients who underwent ventral hernia repair for CVH with or without LD between July 2018 and June 2020. Preoperative BTA was injected in all patients via sonographic guidance bilaterally, between the lateral muscles to achieve chemical denervation before the operation. Patient demographics, anatomical location of the hernia, perioperative data and postoperative data are described. Results: 36 patients underwent this technique before their hernia repair between July 2018 to June 2020. Median age was 62 years (range 30-87). Median preoperative defect size was 12cm (range 6-25) and median intraoperative defect size was 13cm (range 5-27). Median preoperative hernia sac volume (HSV) was 1338cc (128-14040), median preoperative abdominal cavity volume (ACV) was 8784cc (5197-18289) and median volume ration (HSV/ACV) was 14%. The median OR time for BTA administration was 45 minutes (range 28-495). Seroma was the most common postoperative complication in 8 of the patients (22%). Median follow up was 43 days (range 0-580). Conclusion: preoperative chemical component separation with BTA is a safe and effective adjunct to hernia repair in CVH repairs where a challenging midline fascial approximation is anticipated.


RESUMO Introdução: a toxina botulínica A (TBA) tem sido usada para alcançar a separação química dos componentes, com resultados favoráveis para o reparo de hérnias ventrais complexas (HVC) com ou sem perda de domínio (PD). O objetivo deste estudo é descrever nossa experiência inicial com a separação química dos componentes nos Estados Unidos. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo observacional com todos os pacientes submetidos a reparo de hérnia ventral complexa com ou sem PD entre julho de 2018 e junho de 2020. A TBA pré-operatória foi injetada em todos os pacientes, guiada por ultrassonografia, bilateralmente entre os músculos laterais para alcançar a denervação química antes da operação. Dados demográficos dos pacientes, local da hérnia, dados peri-operatórios e pós-operatórios são descritos. Resultados: 36 pacientes foram submetidos a esta técnica antes do reparo da hérnia. A idade mediana foi 62 anos (30-87). O tamanho mediano pré-operatório do defeito herniário foi 12cm (6-25) e o defeito mediano intra-operatorio foi 13cm (5-27). O volume mediano do saco herniário pré-operatório foi 1.338mL (128-14.040), o volume mediano da cavidade abdominal pré-operatório foi 8.784 (5.197-18.289) mL e a razão dos volumes foi 14%. A duração mediana da operação para aplicação da TBA foi 45 minutos (28-495). O seroma foi a complicação mais comum no pós-operatório, em oito pacientes (22%). O seguimento pós-operatório mediano foi de 43 dias (0-580). Conclusão: a separação pré-operatória de componentes com TBA é tratamento adjuvante seguro e eficaz em reparos de HVC em que aproximação da fáscia é antecipadamente desafiadora.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Abdominal Wall/surgery , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use , Preoperative Care , New York , Abdominal Muscles/surgery , Herniorrhaphy , Hernia, Ventral/surgery , Middle Aged
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(2): 435-443, abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056459

ABSTRACT

To accurately localize the centers of intramuscular nerve dense regions (CINDRs) of rotator cuff muscles. Twenty adult cadavers were used. The curves on skin connecting the superior angle of scapula with the acromion, and with the inferior angle of scapula were designed as the horizontal (H) and longitudinal (L) reference lines, respectively. One side of the rotator cuff muscles were removed and subjected to Sihler's staining to show intramuscular nerve dense regions, and the contralateral muscles' CINDRs were labeled with barium sulfate and scanned by computed tomography (to determine body surface projection points (P)). The intersection of the longitudinal line from point P to line H, and that of the horizontal line from point P to line L, were recorded as PH and PL, respectively. The projection of CINDRs on the anterior body surface across the saggital plane was defined as P' and the line connecting P to P' was recorded as Line PP'. Percentage positions of CINDRs of PH and PL on lines H and L, and the depths on line PP' were determined under the Syngo system. Two, four, one, and one CINDRs were identified in supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles, respectively. The positions of PH of these CINDRs on the H-line are as follows: supraspinatus, 25.43 % and 26.59 %; infraspinatus, 53.85 %, 34.63 %, 35.96 % and 58.17 %; teres minor, 74.50 %; and subscapularis, 20.33 %. The PL on the L-line: supraspinatus, 11.09 % and 14.83 %; infraspinatus, 21.59 %, 27.93 %, 48.55 % and 57.52 %; teres minor, 68.28 %; and subscapularis, 52.82 %. The depth on line PP': supraspinatus, 24.83 % and 25.40 %; infraspinatus, 21.55 %, 16.10 %, 10.01 % and 8.14 %; teres minor, 13.27 %; and subscapularis, 22.88 %. The identification of these CINDRs should provide the optimal target position for injecting botulinum toxin A to treat rotator cuff muscles spasticity accompanied by shoulder pain and to improve the efficiency and efficacy of blocking target localization.


Con el objetivo de localizar con precisión los centros de las regiones densas del nervio intramuscular (CRDNI) de los músculos del manguito rotador, se utilizaron veinte cadáveres adultos. Las curvas en la piel que conectan el ángulo superior de la escápula con el acromion y con el ángulo inferior de la escápula se determinaron como líneas de referencia horizontales (H) y longitudinales (L), respectivamente. Se extrajo de un lado los músculos del manguito rotador y se sometió a la tinción de Sihler para mostrar regiones densas de nervios intramusculares, y los CRDNI de los músculos contralaterales se marcaron con sulfato de bario y se escanearon mediante tomografía computarizada (para determinar los puntos de proyección de la superficie corporal (P)). La intersección de la línea longitudinal desde el punto P a la línea H, y de la línea horizontal desde el punto P a la línea L, se registraron como PH y PL, respectivamente. La proyección de CRDNI en la superficie del cuerpo anterior a través del plano sagital se definió como P 'y la línea que conecta P a P' se registró como Línea PP '. Las posiciones porcentuales de los CRDNI de PH y PL en las líneas H y L, y las profundidades en la línea PP 'se determinaron bajo el sistema Syngo. Se identificaron dos, cuatro, uno y un CINDR en los músculos supraespinoso, infraespinoso, redondo menor y subescapular, respectivamente. Las posiciones de PH de estos CRDNI en la línea H son las siguientes: supraespinoso, 25,43 % y 26.59 %; infraspinatus, 53,85 %, 34,63 %, 35,96 % y 58,17 %; redondo menor, 74,50 %; y subescapular, 20,33 %. El PL en la línea L: supraespinoso, 11.09 % y 14.83 %; infraspinatus, 21,59 %, 27,93 %, 48,55 % y 57,52 %; redondo menor, 68.28 %; y subescapular, 52,82 %. La profundidad en la línea PP ': supraespinoso, 24,83 % y 25,40 %; infraspinatus, 21,55 %, 16,10 %, 10,01 % y 8,14 %; redondo menor, 13.27 %; y subescapularis, 22,88 %. La identificación de estos CRDNI debería proporcionar la posición objetivo óptima para inyectar la toxina botulínica A para tratar la espasticidad de los músculos del manguito rotador acompañada de dolor en el hombro y para mejorar la eficiencia y la eficacia del bloqueo de la localización del objetivo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Peripheral Nerves/anatomy & histology , Rotator Cuff/innervation , Botulinum Toxins, Type A , Nerve Block , Cadaver , Anatomic Landmarks , Muscle Spasticity
5.
J. bras. econ. saúde (Impr.) ; 9(Suplemento 1): http://www.jbes.com.br/images/v9ns1/71.pdf, Setembro/2017.
Article in English | ECOS, LILACS | ID: biblio-859641

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o custo-efetividade da toxina onabotulínica A (TB) versus ausência de tratamento "não tratar" (NT) da migrânea crônica refratária a pelo menos dois medicamentos em um Sistema de Saúde Suplementar. Métodos: Modelo analítico de decisão simulou desfechos e custos em 24 semanas. Os desfechos clínicos foram: dias com cefaleia (DC); dias com cefaleia moderada/severa (DCMS); episódios de cefaleia (EC); dias com migrânea (DM) e episódios de migrânea (EM). Para o braço NT, utilizaram-se os valores basais do placebo. Para o braço TB, utilizaram-se os valores basais aplicando as reduções relacionadas ao uso do tratamento. Os custos incluídos foram custos médicos diretos. Os dados que subsidiaram as análises foram extraídos da literatura. Avaliou-se uma aplicação de TB (155U) a cada 12 semanas, totalizando duas aplicações em 24 semanas. Custos foram extraídos de bases oficiais do Brasil. Considerou-se taxa de descontinuação de 3,8% para TB na semana 24. Análises de sensibilidade probabilística (ASP) e univariada (ASU) foram realizadas para o desfecho DM. Resultados: O uso de TB proporcionou redução de 52,42% nos DC; 47,97% nos DCMS; 37,60% nos EC; 50,49% nos DM; 35,68% nos EM e uma redução de R$ 1.193 com consulta médica e hospitalização. Houve incremento de R$ 8.646 com aplicação da TB, resultando numa Razão de Custo-Efetividade Incremental (RCEI) de R$ 142,16/DC; R$ 155,35/DCMS; R$ 198,22/EC; R$ 147,61/DM e R$ 208,85/EM. A ASP e ASU comprovaram os resultados do caso base. Conclusão: Uso de TB proporciona redução dos desfechos clínicos, variando de 44% a 49%, além de redução de 54% a 60% nos custos com visitas médicas e hospitalização.


Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA (OT) versus "no treatment" (NT) of chronic refractory migraine to at least two drugs in the Supplementary Brazilian Health Care System. Methods: An analytical decision model simulated outcomes and costs at 24 weeks. Clinical outcomes were: days with headache (DH); days with moderate/severe headache (DMSH); headache episodes (HE); days with migraine (DM) and episodes of migraine (EM). For the NT arm, the baseline values of placebo were used. For the OT arm, baseline values were used as reductions related to treatment use. Costs included were direct medical costs. The data that supported the analyzes were extracted from the literature. One OT application (155U) was evaluated every 12 weeks totaling 2 applications in 24 weeks. Costs were extracted from Brazilian official databases. A 3.8% discontinuation rate was considered for OT at week 24. Probabilistic (PSA) and univariate (USA) sensitivity analyzes were performed for the DM outcome. Results: The use of OT provided a reduction of 52.42% in DH; 47.97% in DMSH; 37.60% in HE; 50.49% in DM; 35.68% in EM and a reduction of R$ 1,193 with medical visits and hospitalization. There was an increase of R$ 8,646 with OT application; resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of R$ 142.16/DH; R$ 155.35/DMSH; R$ 198.22/HE; R$ 147.61/DM and R$ 208.85/EM. PSA and USA proved the base case results. Conclusion: Use of OT provides a reduction in clinical outcomes ranging from 44% to 49%, as well as a reduction of 54% to 60% in costs with medical visits and hospitalization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Botulinum Toxins, Type A , Supplemental Health , Headache
6.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 28(2): 168-176, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-761022

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: evaluar los resultados obtenidos con el uso de la toxina botulínica A en la corrección del estrabismo paralítico e identificar los factores asociados que influyen sobre la respuesta terapéutica. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una serie de 93 casos con estrabismo paralítico, que recibieron tratamiento con toxina botulínica A. Resultados: se diagnosticaron 53 casos con estrabismo leve, 38 moderado y solo dos en estado grave. El tiempo de evolución y la gravedad clínica fueron los factores asociados que interfirieron con la respuesta terapéutica. Conclusiones: la toxina botulínica A es efectiva en la mayoría de los casos tratados. Los mejores resultados se obtienen en los casos con menor grado de desviación y con menor tiempo de evolución entre el inicio del estrabismo y la inyección del medicamento(AU)


Objectives: to assess the results of the use of botulinum toxin A in correcting paralytic strabismus and to identify those associated factors that have an impact on the therapeutic response. Methods: a descriptive study of a series of 93 cases with paralytic strabismus which were treated with botulinum toxin A. Results: fifty three cases were diagnosed with mild, 38 with moderate and just two with severe strabismus. The time of progression and the clinical severity were related factors that influence the therapeutic response. Conclusions: botulinum toxin A is effective in most of cases. The best results are achieved in those people with lower deviation degree and less time of progression elapsed from the onset of strabismus to the administration of the injected medication(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Clinical Evolution , Strabismus/diagnosis , Strabismus/therapy , Time-to-Treatment , Cohort Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Study , Prospective Studies
7.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 28(2): 177-189, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-761023

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: evaluar los resultados del tratamiento de la orbitopatía tiroidea y determinar cuáles son los factores que influyen sobre ellos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional en una cohorte de 82 pacientes con orbitopatía tiroidea, durante el período 1997-2009. Resultados: en los casos con orbitopatía tiroidea activa, la corticoterapia se inició a los 19 meses de evolución y no fue satisfactoria en la mayoría de ellos, por lo que para preservar la visión se realizaron varias intervenciones quirúrgicas. Los factores que influyeron sobre la respuesta terapéutica fueron el tabaquismo y la actividad de la orbitopatía tiroidea (OR= 30,479 y OR= 14,557, respectivamente). Se obtuvieron buenos resultados con el uso de la toxina botulínica A y con la cirugía en la corrección del estrabismo y la retracción. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz es la conducta terapéutica ideal para los pacientes con orbitopatía tiroidea. El tabaquismo y la actividad de la orbitopatía tiroideainterfirieren en la respuesta terapéutica. La toxina botulínica A y la cirugía son efectivas en la corrección del estrabismo y la retracción palpebral de la orbitopatía tiroidea(AU)


Objective: to evaluate the results of the treatment of thyroid orbinopathy and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: observational study of a cohort of 82 patients with thyroid orbinopathy during the 1997-2009 period. Results: corticosteroid-bases therapy began nineteen months after the onset of disease and was unsatisfactory in most of cases with active thyroid orbitopathy, so it was necessary to perform several surgeries to preserve the vision. The influential factors on the therapeutic response were smoking and thyroid orbinopathy activity (OR= 30,479 and OR= 14,557, respectively). Good results were attained with botilinum toxin A and strabismus correction surgery and retraction. Conclusions: early diagnosis and treatment is the best therapy for patients with thyroid orbinopathy. Smoking and thyroid orbinopathy negatively affect the therapeutic response. Botulinum toxin A and surgery are effective options in the strabismus correction and palpebral retractions of thyroid orbinopathy(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Conjunctiva/surgery , Graves Ophthalmopathy/therapy , Strabismus/surgery , Cohort Studies , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies
8.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 23(2): 241-248, jul.-dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-584999

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La retracción palpebral, es el signo más frecuente de la orbitopatía tiroidea. Se hace este estudio con el objetivo de evaluar los resultados del tratamiento de la retracción, con toxina botulínica A y compararlos con los obtenidos por la cirugía, en casos con la misma severidad clínica de la retracción. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, entre diciembre del 2008 a febrero de 2009, en 24 casos con retracción palpebral, divididos en dos grupos, el primero se trató con toxina botulínica A y el segundo con cirugía. RESULTADOS: En los operados con la toxina botulínica A fueron satisfactorios 8 casos (67 por ciento), con retracción ligera y moderada, de estos, 6 en el estadio congestivo de la orbitopatía tiroidea y no satisfactorio en los 4 con retracción moderada y severa, en el estadio crónico y con fibrosis del recto inferior. Los resultados de la cirugía fueron satisfactorios en los 10 pacientes operados (83,3 por ciento). Se muestran los milímetros de retracción antes de la inyección y su reducción en el día 7, 45 y 90. No hubo diferencias significativas, entre los milímetros de retracción corregida, por ambos tratamientos, en casos con similar afectación clínica. CONCLUSIONES: La toxina botulínica A, es una alternativa terapéutica, para la retracción palpebral ligera y moderada en el periodo congestivo de la orbitopatía tiroidea. Ambos tratamientos, corrigieron la misma cantidad de milímetros de retracción palpebral, en los casos con similar afectación.


INTRODUCTION: Eyelid retraction is the most frequent sign of Thyroid Orbitopathy (TO). The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of Botulínum Toxin type A (BTA) in its correction and to compare them with those from the surgery in cases with the same clinical severity of the retraction. METHODS: A prospective and descriptive study was performed in 24 patients with eyelid retraction from December 2008 to February 2009; they were divided into two groups, being the first treated with botulinum toxin type A and the second with surgical procedure RESULTS: The results with the BTA were satisfactory in 8 cases (67 percent), with slight and moderate retraction, 6 of them were in the congestive stage of the TO. The treatment was unsatisfactory in 4 cases with moderate and severe retraction in the chronic stage and fibrosis of lower rectus. The results of the surgery were satisfactory in the 10 operated patients (83.3 percent). The number of retraction millimetres (mm) before the BTA injection and its reduction in the day 7th, 45th and 90th were shown. There were no significant differences in the number of corrected retraction milimeters between both methods in similar cases from the clinical viewpoint. CONCLUSIONS: The botulinum toxin A is a therapeutic alternative for the slight and moderate eyelid retraction in the congestive period of the thyroid orbitopathy. Both treatments managed to correct the same number of retraction milimeters, in cases with similar degree of damage.

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